中文
A single point mooring (SPM) ibhuya/pier yakamisikidzwa pagungwa kuti ibate zvinhu zvinotakura mvura zvakaita semafuta epetroleum ematangi.Nzvimbo imwe chete yekumisikidza inomisa tanker kunzvimbo yekumisikidza kuburikidza neuta, ichibvumira kuti itenderere yakasununguka ichitenderedza nzvimbo iyoyo, ichideredza masimba anokonzerwa nemhepo, masaisai nemafungu.SPM inonyanya kushandiswa munzvimbo dzisina yakatsaurirwa kutakura zvinhu zvekutakura zvinhu.Aya ma single point mooring (SPM) zvivakwa zvirimamairakure nenzvimbo dzekumahombekombe, batanidzaingmapaipi emafuta epasi pegungwa, uye anogona kumisa ngarava dzakakura dzakaita seVLCC.
CDSRhose dzemafutaanoshandiswa zvakanyanya muSPM system.Iyo SPM system inosanganisira catenary anchor leg mooring system (CALM), imwechete anchor leg mooring system (SALM) uye turret mooring system..
Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring System (CALM)
Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring (CALM), inozivikanwawo seSingle Buoy Mooring (SBM), isimba rekurodha uye kuburitsa bhuoy rinoshandiswa senzvimbo yekumisikidza matangi emafuta uye se chinongedzo pakati pepombi yekupedzisira (PLEM) netangi rekuvhara.Iwo anowanzo shandiswa mumvura isina kudzika uye yakadzika kutakura mafuta asina kuchena uye petroleum by-zvigadzirwa kubva kuminda yeoiri kana yekunatsa.
CALM ndiyo yekutanga fomu ye single point mooring system, iyo inodzikisira zvakanyanya kuremerwa, uye inovharira kukanganiswa kwemhepo nemafungu pahurongwa, inovawo imwe yemhando huru yeimwe point mooring system.Kubatsira kukuru kweCALM ndeyekuti iri nyore mukugadzirisa, nyore kugadzira uye kuisa.
Single anchor leg mooring system (SALM)
SALM yakasiyana zvakanyanya neyechinyakare single point mooring.Booy inosungirirwa pasi pegungwa negumbo reanchouye yakabatanidzwa pachigadziko necheni imwe chete kana tambo yepombi, uye mvura inotakurwa kubva pasi pegungwa yakananga kuchikepe kuburikidza nemapombi, kana kutakurwa kuenda kuchikepe neinotenderera yakabatana nepasi.Iyi moring mudziyo wakakodzera kune ese ari maviri emvura nzvimbo dzisina kudzika uye nzvimbo dzakadzika dzemvura.Kana ikashandiswa mumvura yakadzika, panoperera cheni yeanchor inoda kubatanidzwa nechikamu chekusimudzwa nepombi yemafuta mukati, kumusoro kwepombi kunosungirirwa necheni yeanchor, kuzasi kwechisimuko kunosungirirwa pane. pasi pegungwa, uye riser inogona kufamba 360 °.
Turret mooring system
Iyo turret mooring system inosanganisira yakagadziriswa turret column inobatwa neyemukati kana yekunze chikepe chimiro kuburikidza neyakatakura kurongeka.Iyo turret column inochengeterwa kugungwa ne (catenary) anchor makumbo anobatsira kuchengetedza chikepe mukati medhizaini yekufamba.Izvi zvinogonesa kushanda kwakachengeteka kweiyo subsea fluid transfer kana riser system kubva pasi pegungwa kuenda kune turret.Zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe nzira dzakawanda dzokumisa nadzo, turret mooring system inopa zvakanakira zvinotevera: (1) chimiro chiri nyore;(2) Kusakanganiswa zvishoma nemhepo nemafungu, kwakakodzera mamiriro egungwa akaoma;(3) yakakodzera nzvimbo dzegungwa dzine hudzamu hwakasiyana-siyana hwemvura;(4) Zvinouyapamwe nekukurumidza kusabatanidzwa uyezvakare-kubatanabasa, iyo yakanakira kugadzirisa.
Zuva: 03 Kubvumbi 2023