中文
Oiri yekudzoreredza tekinoroji inoreva kugona kwekubvisa oiri kubva muminda yeoiri.Iko kushanduka kweiyi tekinoroji kwakakosha mukusimudzira indasitiri yemafuta.Nekufamba kwenguva, tekinoroji yekudzoreredza mafuta yakave nezvakawanda zvitsva izvo zvisina kungovandudza kugona kwemafutakudhirowa asi zvakare kwakakanganisa zvakanyanya nharaunda, hupfumi, uye mutemo wesimba.
Mumunda wekugadzirwa kwehydrocarbon, kudzoreredza oiri idanho rakakosha rine chinangwa chekuburitsa oiri yakawanda uye gasi sezvinobvira kubva mumadhamu ane hydrocarbon.Sezvo kutenderera kwehupenyu hwetsime remafuta kunofambira mberi,thechiyero chekugadzira chinowanzo chinja.Kuti uchengetedze uye uwedzere simba rekugadzira tsime, kuwedzera kukurudzira kwekuumbwa kunowanzodiwa.Zvichienderana nezera retsime,themaitiro ekugadzira uyethemari yekushandisa, akasiyana matekinoroji uye matekiniki anoshandiswa pamatanho akasiyana.Kune matatu makuru mapoka emafuta ekudzoreredza matekinoroji: yekutanga mafuta kudzoreredza, yechipiri mafuta kudzoreredza, uye epamusoro oiri kudzoreredza (inozivikanwawo sekuwedzerwa mafuta kudzoreredza, EOR).
Yekutanga oiri kudzoreredza kunonyanya kutsamira pane reservoir yekumanikidza kutyaira mafuta kune tsime.Kana iyo reservoir pressure ichidonha uye isingakwanise kuchengetedza chiyero chakaringana chekugadzira, kudzoreredza mafuta echipiri kunowanzo kutanga.Iyi nhanho inonyanya kusanganisira kuwedzera reservoir pressure kuburikidza nemvura kana gasi jekiseni, nekudaro kuenderera mberi nekusundira mafuta kutsime.Kudzoreredzwa kwemafuta epamusoro, kana kukwidziridzwa kudzoreredzwa kweoiri, itekinoroji yakaoma kunzwisisa inosanganisira kushandisa makemikari, kupisa kana jekiseni regesi kuti uwedzere kudzoreredzwa kwemafuta.Aya matekinoroji anogona kunyatso bvisa mafuta asina kuchena asara mudura, achivandudza zvakanyanya kudzoreredza mafuta.
● Majekiseni egasi: Kubaya gasi mudura reoiri kuti uchinje kupfakanyika uye kuyerera kwemvura yedhamu, nokudaro zvichikurudzira kuyerera uye kugadzirwa kwemafuta asina kuchena.
● Steam jekiseni: Inozivikanwawo sekuti thermal oil recovery, inopisa dura nekubaya jekiseni rinopisa zvikuru kuderedza viscosity yemafuta, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuyerera.Iyo inonyanya kukodzera kune yakakwirira-viscosity kana inorema mafuta reservoirs.
● Majekiseni emakemikari: Nekupinza makemikari (akadai se surfactants, mapolymers uye alkalis), maitiro emuviri nemakemikari emafuta asina kuchena anogona kuchinjwa, nokudaro achivandudza kunyunguduka kwemafuta asina kuchena, kuderedza kusawirirana kwechiso uye kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka.
● CO2jekiseni: Iyi inzira yakakosha yejekiseni yegasi iyo, nekubaya kabhoni dhaokisaidhi, haingogone kuderedza viscosity yeoiri, asi zvakare kuvandudza mwero wekudzoreredza nekuwedzera kudzvanywa kwegasi uye kuderedza yasara crude saturation.Mukuwedzera, iyi nzira inewo mamwe mabhenefiti ezvakatipoteredza nekuti CO2inogona kutorwa pasi pevhu.
● Plasma Pulse Technology: Iyi ndiyo michina mitsva inogadzira simba guru re plasma pulses kuti riite dhamu, kugadzira kutsemuka, kuwedzera kupenya, uye nokudaro kuwedzera kuyerera kwemafuta asina kuchena.Kunyangwe tekinoroji iyi ichiri munhanho yekuyedza, inoratidza mukana wekuvandudza kudzoreredza mune chaiwo marudzi emvura.
Imwe neimwe EOR tekinoroji ine yayo chaiyo inoshanda mamiriro uye mutengo-kubatsirwa kuongororwa, uye zvinowanzodikanwa kuti usarudze nzira yakakodzera kwazvo zvichienderana nemamiriro ejoloji ega rega, zvimiro zvemafuta asina kuchena uye zvehupfumi zvinhu.Kushandiswa kweEOR tekinoroji kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya mabhenefiti ehupfumi eminda yemafuta uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwekugadzirwa kweminda yeoiri, iyo yakakosha zvikuru mukusimudzira kwakasimba kwemafuta epasi rose.
Zuva: 05 Jul 2024