中文
Mafuta uye gasi rekufambisa rinogona kuitwa nguva dzose mune huwandu hukuru uye zvakachengeteka kuburikidza nepurasiti yepombi. Kwemafuta eminda iri pedyo nekumira kana kuve nemachira makuru, mapipi anowanzo shandiswa kutakura mafuta uye gasi kune onshore terminals (akadai seafuta machira kana onshore refinimies). Kana pombi ine kudzvinyirira kwakakwana kurwisa, kazhinji uchichengetedza cathodic dziviriro) uye kuiswa chisimbiso chakanaka, kunogona kuziva kuenderera mberi kwemafuta pasina kukanganiswa nemvura yakadzika, mamiriro ekunze, mimwe nzvimbo. The theCdsresction lection uye discharge hoseine mhepo yakanakisa kuramba uye kushanduka, zvakare zvichadaroSangana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisanaMamiriro akasiyana siyana egungwa.
Nekudaro, kuvakwa kwemapipi emapipi kuchavhiringidzwa zvakananga nemafungu, uye kuyerera kwemvura kuchakanganisa kuchengetedzeka kwekuvaka pombi uye kugadzikana kwe pombi. Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvekufungidzirwa mukupedzisa pombi yemugodhichirongwa. Nzvimbo yekushandisa iri mumakungwa. Kwete chete nzvimbo yekuvaka chete, asi iyo yakaomauyeMamiriro ezvinhu egungwa anochinja anounzawo matambudziko makuru pakuvaka zvakajairika.
Kwekuvaka mashandiro, kudzika kwemvura ndiyo inonyanya kusimba chinhu, uye pombi inodurura mashandiro zvinosiyana zvakanyanya pamusoro pemvura yakadzika.
(1)Kune avoNzvimboizvoPedyo nemahombekombe uye mumvura isina kudzika, hose inogona kuendeswa zvakananga kuNyika neinch.
. Welding, kuongorora uye kuunganidza nechiso chakatsiga, kazhinji pane board chombo chechiputi. Sezvo ngarava ichienderera mberi, iyo pombi inovhara kuburikidza nemvura kusvikira yasvika padanho rekutakura pane Seabed. Iyo inofungidzira "s" chimiro seyakawedzera pombi inoburitswa pasi pehuremu hwayo.
(3)Kana pIpe kuiswa mashandiro anoitwa munzvimbo dzakadzika dzemvura,kanamvura yakadzika inowedzera,zvichave zvichikonzeramukuwedzera kwekuwedzera mukuwedzera kwekuvaka. Iyo J-Lay PIPing Kuisa nzira inowanzoshandiswa mumvura yakadzikachirongwa. J-Lay (J-Lay nzira) inoisa kushushikana zvishoma pane pombi nekuti pombi yakaiswa munzvimbo inenge yambotamira. Iyo pombi yegungwa inosiya ngarava yekuisa pombi mune yakanangana fomu, uye inodzikira inokomberedza yakakwira kusvikira yaiswa paSeabed. Iyo yakazara pombi iri muchimiro che "j", iyo yakakodzera nzvimbo dzakadzika dzegungwa kubva pamazana emamita kuzviuru.
(4) nekukura kwekuenderera kwehunyanzvi, thenziraof offlore pombi yekudyidzana iri zvakare kugara ichirarama. Kune mapaipi egungwa ane dombo diki uye isina kusimba simba, dzinogona kuiswa pasi uye dzakapetwa zvakananga pane chigubhu, ndokutakurwa kuenda kugungwa nekuisa ngarava yekuisa pombi. Iyi nzira yekuvhiya inonzi reel-kurara (yakatenderera pombi yakaramba nzira). Reel-kurara inoonekwa senzira yekukurumidza yekuisa sezvo yakawanda yeiyo testing uye ongororo dzinoitwa onshore, kuderedza kuisirwa nguva. Parizvino, Reel-mhando pombi-yakarongedza ngarava inogona kukamurwa kuita marudzi maviri: yakatwasuka uye yakatwasuka.
Mukusarudzwa kwekupedzisira kweiyo nzira yekuvhiya, hatifanirwe kungofunga nezve kudzika kwemvura, asi zvakare kusanganisa zvinhu zvakazara sekushanda kwekushanda uye kushanda kwemutengo. CDSR inopa mhando dzakasiyana dzemhando dzehositi dzechiratidzo chekumisa masisitimu uye itssoering scemegrapuration
Date: 27 Mar 2023